Internal-combustion engine.



H. HUBBACK.

iNTEBNAL COMfiUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATiON FILED DEC.26. 1917.

Patented Aug. 13, 1918.

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MfH. HUBBAC K. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE;

APPLICATION FILED DEC/25,191 7.

on 1 9. 1 IT 3 1 -8 Wm A t3 n m a P M. H. HUBBACK.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENCLNE,

APPLICATION FILED nzc.2e. 1911 1,275,925. Patented Aug. 13; 1918.

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/ anumtoa UNITED STATES PATENT oFrroE.

MALCOLM 1r. Honnacx, or SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, .assmnon or ONE-SIXTH 11oNELSON srazaxs; orsEA'r'rnE, wnsnmo'ro."

INTEBNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Patented Aug. 13, 191.8.

To all whom it may concern:

' of Washington, have invented a certain new and -useful Improvement....m.Intemahflmm bustion Engines, of which the followingis aspecification.

My invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines andthe object of my invention. is to provide an engine of comparativelylight wfilght in proportion to the amount of power t at, it is capableof developing and one that has ahigh eflicienc and is economical in-itsconsumption of he A fu-rther object of my inventlon is to provide anengine that has a continuous annular cylinder adaptedto rotate about afixed tuhular support whereby the momentum of the concentricallybalancedcylinder and parts connected therewith will. be utilized in reproducinga uniform speed and constant ton ue on the engine shaft therebypractically eliminating the vibrations of the same.

My invention consists in the novel construction,'adaptation, andcombination of.

partsas will bemore clearly hereinafter described and claimed. 4

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is a view in elevation of anengine constru cted .in accordance with my invention;

'i Fig. 2 isa view of the sa-me'in cross-sec tion on broken line12, 2 ofFig. I;

- Fig.1 3 is a view" of the same in.=crosssection-onhroken lneidflof'FIgJZ; i Fig. 4 is'a v ew in elevation of a duplex pinione'i'nbodicd in my invention;

Fin 5 is a view in cross-section of the duplex pinion on broken. line 5,5 of. Fig. 4:; 4 0

'145 0 is a view in elevation of an interrupted gear "used intheconstruction off the "Fig; 7 is a 'iew in cross-section of the in--tcrruptod gear on broken iine'7, 7 of Fig. 6. Referring" to thedrawings; throughout which like reference numerals lesignate like partsythe numerals l0 and" 11. indicate the two halves or sections,respectively, oi. the

casing of an internal combustion engine.

Specification 01 Letters Patent. Application filed December 2 8, 1917.Serial No. 309,178.

aroun 'lhe sections 10'and 11 are providedwltnhub portions 12 and 13within whichare disosed suitable bearin s 14 that are mounted orrotation ona fixe tubular shaft 1-5.

, One of the'hubmembers 12 is rigidly connected withan.axiallydisposedshaft :16 that may be journaled 1n a suitable bearin not shown, andthat-constitutes thesha through which .power generated ,by the engine istransmitted.

' The peripheral portions of the casing-sec tions 10 and 11 are suitablyshaped to'form an annular cylinder 17 and the two sections are securedtogether by, bolts 18 that pass through peripheral flanges 19.

Disposed within the casing formed by the sections 10 and 11 and securelykeyed to the shaft are two interrupted I ars' 20 I and 21 that are eachprovided, on lflm eh'i cally opposite sides, with toothed sections 22and23 each of which sections 22and 23 extend substantially one-fourthof; the distance around the circumference thereof, as

shown in Fig. '6, and each of which sections 22 and 23 is provided withthit'tecn teeth in the construction herein shown.

tween the ends of the toothed 186660118 22 and 23 are occupied by twoareuategmembers. 24 and- 25 that are concentrically rtinge'd and presenta smooth .ott'te'r or Disposed within the casing in concentric relationto the interrupted gears 2}) and 2 1 are two internal gears or ringgears 26 and 27,'caclrpreferably having seventy-twotecth i .76. Thespaces on the gears 20 and21 be and bring provided at sixeqliirdistantpoints The peripheral p n-tronsofithe rin'g gears '26 and,27 are flanged as at "it! setbat shoal dcrs44 are .Fomnei-l tofit'against correspond thecircainference thereof with pairs mg;shoulder-sin the casing and support the rings for rotation therein.

.The flanged peripheral portions 43 extend outwardly through narrowedportions 45 in the casing and make a close fit so that gases due to theexplosions in the'c linder cannot gain access to the gear-chain er ofthe engine. v

Interposcd between each of the internal gears and its correspondinginterrupted gear are two double pinions each comprising a twelve toothedgear 46 and a fourteen toothed gear 47 that are ir'ormed integral orotherwise rigidly connected with each other and are mounted on fixed inthe easing.

The twelve toothed'gears 46 are ada ted to mesh with the internal gears26 an 27 and the fourteen toothed gears47 are ada ted to mesh with thegear segments on the interrupted gears and 21. v

-The double pinions are each provided on one sidew'ith an arcua't-eslot48 formed to fir? U 1 members 24 and 25 and 7 adapted 5 to slide on suchmembers when they are in contact therewith thereby serving to locktheringgear with which they are connected to the casing.

The pinions, that gear26 and interrupted gear 20 are disposed points andthe at dian'ictrically opposite pinio'ns that en'gage with the ring gear27 and interrupted" gear 21 are disposed at diaoints and at rightmetrically opposite anglesto the. two pimo'ns first mentioned.

The casing section .11 is provided at three equi-distant points withspark plugs that are each connected by wires 51 with suitable contactdevices 52 that are carried by the rotating casing and adapted to make"electrical contact atpredetermined points with -stationary terminals'53 on the sh-a'tt 15 so that suitable sparks'aredehvered at threepoints simllltuncoi'lsly for igniting cl'ia'rges in the cylinder.

The fuel charge is prepa red in the usual manner and is drawn by suctionthrough an opening 54 into the interim of the hollow shaft-15 fromwhence it'pas'ses' through perrloraljionsfifi into a chamber 56 and isthence cmuluclrrl through three radial pipes 57 to intake"opcningsfitiin the cylinder 17 that are located al three cqui-(listant pointsmidpomt's of entrance oi the llxliaust openings (Mare provided in thecasing sci-lion 10 at poinls adjacent the inlet- ()[Ntlllllgs -58 asshown'in Fig. 2

in, operation when the pistons are in the position shown in Fig. 2,charges are comp'rcsseil' at three diflercnt'poinls between pistons- 30and '36, 32 and 38, and 34. and 40, re-

vspin-lively, and are just readvto be ignited by the spark plugs-50.When the explosion occurs the pislons 30 to 35: inclusive are all lockedto the ca'sing hy reason of theengage- I v I .-,i

bearing pins that are 41 "inclusive-begin to engage with the ring thecasing are both in" engagement rection in the cylinder until they lapthe exhaust ports 60 and will then be carried over the exhaust ports bythemomentum of the moving casing far enou h to cause the slots 48in therespective. pimons with which these pistons areconnected to engage withthe arcuatev members 24 and 25 'at which points the pistons 36 to 41inclusive will occupy the same relative position within the cylinder asthe istons 30 to 35 inclusive do invFig. 2' and will be lockedtothe'casing.

At the same instant that the pistons 36 to lap th'eje'xhaust ports 60the-slots'in the pin'ions that the. istons 30 to 35 inclusive areconnected wit pass off of the arcuate members 24 and 25 and engage withthe teeth on the interrupted gears thus permitting the pistons '30 to 35inclusive to the position occupied by 41 inclusive inFig. 2. Asthcpistons 36, 38 and 40'are moved by the explosion in a clockwisedirection within thepistons 37, 39 and 41 ,will move away from theinta-ke openings therebydrawing'in a fresh charge of fuel behind themand compressing a reviously drawn charge before them w1ieli.,-poinpressed charge will-be ignited as'the pisligins 37,39 and'41eon'ie into the proper position relative to the spark plugs. I,

The double pinions are all secure f ito' the engine casing and the ringgears 26p' nd 27' the pistons 36 to toothed pinions 46. The pinionsengaging one ring gear are locked against rotation by the slots 48,engaging w th 'thearcuate member-s24 and 2b and the fourteen toothedwith the other ring;

pinions 47 engagingv gear, are in mesh w-itlrthe interrupted gears 5i,

hence. the force of the explosion tends move the pistons apart, and, byvirtue of the engagement of the twelve toothedfpinions move relative, tothe case into with the twelve with the ring gears and the fourteentoothed" I pinions with the interrupted gears, the pis-' tons that arenot lockedto-the casing are permitted to mbve away from the pistons thatare locked to the casing, thereby carrying the'easing' forward throughone-fourth i of one complete irevolntion withfrespect. to

the shaft 15, whilethe pistons advance onesixth of one completerevolution with re spect to the c'asin.

ltisebvious that this'engine-may be convetted into a steam engine byproviding suittween two adjacent pistons at the proper instant of tim c.

Thenumber of teeth on the several gears.

herein described have been sp inlicd for the res "on that they form avery convenient gear ratio but it will be \uulcrstood that theserelations may be varied and that other changes in the form ofconstruction and arrangement of arts of this engine may be resorted towit in the scope of the following claims:

What I claim is:

1'. An internal combustion engine comprising a fixed shaft, an engineeasing rotatably mounted thereon, an annular cylinder in said casing, aplurality of pistons dis posed within said cylinder and. movable thereinwith respect to each other, means for admitting fuel to said cylinder,means for igniting said fuel at predetermined points to cause certain ofsah pistons to be moved apart, and gear means cooperating with saidpistons and said casing and said fixed shaft to rotate said casing inresponse to explosions between said pistons.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a fixed shaft, a casingrotatable V thereon, an annular cylinder in said casing,

two independently movablesets of pistons disposed in' the cylinder, all.of the pistons of each of said sets beingrigidly connected together,means for admitting fuel to said cylinder and exploding the same toproduce relative movement between said two sets of pistons and gearmeans codperatmg with saidcasing and said pistons and said fixed shaftto impart rotary motion to said casing in response to the relativemovement between. said pistons.

v3. An internal combustion engine com-- prising a fixed shaft, a casingincluding an annular cylinder rotatably mounted on said shaft, interruted gears secured to said shaft, internal y toothed ring gear of largerdiameter than said interrupted gears and coneentrle thereto, pimonsinterposed bea tween said interrupted gears and said. gears said pinionsbeing. mounted. on bearings that are secured to the casing, means onsaid in tetlllptfid gears for lock ng said pnnons against rotationduring a portion of their travel around said interrupted gears, pistonscarried by said ring gears and movable in said cylinders, means foradmitting gasified fuel tosaid cyliiulcrs and means for igniting saidfuel.

4. An internal eomlnisticn prising a casing mounted" for rotation on axed shaft, an annular cylinder formed in the peri ihery of said casing,interrupted gears secured to said fixed shaftsaid inter rupted gearseach haying smooth arcuate sections formed thereon, int-smelly toothedring gears movable within said casing,

engine cone double pinions rotatably connected with said wheels having aslot therein to engage with the arcuate sections of said interruptedgears, pistons carried by said ring gears and movable within saidcy'linders, means for ad initting fuel to said cylinder and means forigniting said fuel.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising a fixed tubular shaft, acasingrotatably mounted on said shaft, an annular cylinder formed in theperipheral portion of said casing, interrupted gears secured to saidshaft said interrupted gears each having two oppositely disposed toothedsections extending one-fourth of the distance around the diameterthereof and two oppositely dis posed arcuate sections arranged betweenthe toothed.- sections, internally toothed concentric ring gears movablydisposed within said casing, double pinions rotatably mounted onbearings carried by said casing at four di' ametrically opposite pointstwo of said pinions being interposed between each ring gear and itscorresponding interrupted gear and each of said pinions being providedwith a gear of a greater nulnbcr'of teeth adapted to mesh with aninterrupted gear anda gear with a lesser number. of teeth adapted tomesh with an internal ring gear and each of said pinions having slottedportions adapted to engage with said arcuatc sections, pistons carriedby said ring gears and movable within said cylinder, means for admittingfuel charges tothe cylinder, andmeans for igniting said fuel charges.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising a fixed hollow shaft, acasing rotatably mounted on said shaft, an annular 3 ant itscorresponding inhrit'upted gear and mounted for rotation on pins thatare se-V I cured to said casingeach of said du la r plmons comprlsm alarger gearw eel a smaller gearwheel ada ted to mesh with the internalgear and a s ot adaptedjto en- 12s adapted to mesh With the interruptedgear,

gage with the areuete sections of the inter suction into said 0 linders,and igniting rupted gears to prevent rotation of said means carried bysai casing for igniting the pinions, a lurality of pistons carded. byfuel. 10 each of sai ring gears and movable .within In witness whereof,I hereunto subscribe said cylinder, means for admitting gesified my namethis 15th day of December, A. D. fuel tusaid hollow shaft, conduitsthrou h 1917,

which said gjasified fuel may be drawn gy MALCOLM H. HUBBACK.

